In welding, what is the purpose of using filler materials?

The purpose of using filler materials in welding is to create a stronger bond between the materials being joined. Filler materials are used to fill the gap between the base metals, ensuring complete penetration and fusion at the weld joint. This is crucial because a well-filled weld provides added strength, enhances the structural integrity of the welded assembly, and helps to prevent defects such as cracks or voids that can weaken the connection.

While decreasing the heat-affected zone, improving electrical conductivity, and decreasing welding time may be relevant in certain contexts, they do not represent the primary function of filler materials in welding. The key role of the filler material is to substantiate and reinforce the joint, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the welded structure under various loads and service conditions. Therefore, its contribution to creating a robust bond is essential for achieving high-quality welds.